KDDI is taking various measures to restore communication in the event of a disaster.
Communications are interrupted because typhoons, torrential rains, earthquakes, etc. will not function for local mobile phone communication.At that time, it is necessary to launch radio waves as soon as possible by alternative means.
For example, "land" is supported by "portable base station" and "vehicle -type base station".The “portable base station” is called a “portable base station” that has been reduced and portable, and a compact compact composition of such equipment is called a “vehicle -type base station”.
左・可搬型基地局。アンテナや無線機などを運搬し、現地に設置して通信を復旧。右・車載型基地局。基地局設備が備わった車両で被災地に駆けつけるIf the road is divided and the vehicle cannot be used, or if the affected area is along the coast, it will be supported by boat from the sea.It is a "ship -type base station" that loads base station facilities and departs and launches radio waves from the offshore.KDDI's submarine cable laying and maintenance work are being used to use KDDI Ocean Links and Cable Infinity to prevent disasters.
2018年の北海道胆振東部地震と令和元年房総半島台風にKDDIオーシャンリンクが船舶型基地局として出動The "aircraft -type base station" is working as a solution to rescue in mountainous and sea.Ultra -small base station equipment is loaded in the cabin of the helicopter so that radio waves are fired from the sky so that mobile phones can be used.
A demonstration experiment of the "Aircraft -type Base Bureau" was conducted in Koshijima, Kagoshima Prefecture in January 2021.
実証実験が行われた鹿児島県甑島The purpose is to make the "single -type" that fires radio waves from a helicopter and creates an area, and the "coordinated type" communication, which creates a satellite line from a helicopter through a portable base station on the ground.In this article, I will introduce the backstood of the initiative.
カメラバッグ程度のサイズのなかに基地局設備が収まっているIn this demonstration experiment, it is assumed that a natural disaster broke down mobile phone communication, and one fishing boat was missing at the sea.At the "aircraft -type base station" using helicopter, it is about to identify the location of the drifting fishing boat and check the safety.
Even in a good -looking situation like a sea, it is difficult to see the sea surface from the sky.
上空から捜索しても、海面が照り返しで見えないケースが多いSo, first, use the radio waves of the mobile phone to find where the fishing boat is on the sea.By firing radio waves from the helicopter in the sky, about 1 just below the aircraft.6 to 2.You can use your mobile phone within 0 km.
Mobile phones always continue to transmit weak radio waves even if they are not communicated if they are powered.If there is a drifting fishing boat in the radio area (communication area) created by the "aircraft -type base station", the location can be identified by catching the radio waves from the carrier's mobile phone.
ヘリコプター基地局から電波を送って携帯電話のエリアを構築。現場の遭難者とつながるIt is also possible to communicate with the victims from the helicopter, so you can check safety and exchange messages.
As a result, it is possible to determine whether the victim is safe, injured, or urgently rescue.
In addition to the sea, even if it is difficult to search from the sky, such as under a house that has collapsed due to an earthquake, can be found by the radio wave of the mobile phone owned by the victim.
In addition, if a helicopter cannot fly, or when a toxic gas is generated in the disaster area, a drone equipped with base stations can be replaced.By using them according to the situation in the disaster area, it will lead to more prompt detectors.
ドローン型基地局、必要最低限な通信ができる設備を搭載Such a system for creating an area where mobile phones can be used by itself by itself called "single -type", and in November 2019, it was successful in a demonstration experiment in Uonuma City, Niigata Prefecture.
The system that has evolved the “single -type” system so far is the “link type” that succeeded in the experiment for the first time.The big difference is that not only helicopters, but also with the line of general mobile phones, and the victims can directly inform their families and companies of their safety.
It is the same for emitting radio waves on the sea from a helicopter, but provisionally installed base stations such as carriers and in -vehicle types on land.Fly from the helicopter and connect to the au mobile phone line via satellite from the temporary base station.The victims will be able to contact them from their mobile phones.
ヘリコプターからエリアを構築し、陸上の可搬型基地局から衛星へとつないで一般回線と接続By using this mechanism, police and firefighting can also acquire GPS information for the victims.If you need rescue hands, you will be able to rescue more safely and quickly by sharing detailed location information with disaster prevention officials.
ヘリコプター基地局と地上の可搬型基地局が連携することで一般回線につながる 一般回線につながることでGPSを活用し、遭難者の具体的な現在位置の特定につながるThis is a video that summarizes this demonstration experiment.
The demonstration experiment of the aircraft -type base station was invented as a solution to the challenge of how to respond to mountainous areas that could not reach the land and could not send radio waves from the coast.
We asked Akira Endo and Toshiya Kawase, the KDDI Operation Management Department Network Strengthening Promotion Office, which are currently working on aircraft -type base stations, and are now involved in the practical use of ship -type base stations, and talked about the future before practical use.
KDDIで災害対策に従事してきた遠藤晃（左）と川瀬俊哉（右）"The aircraft -type base station was a start from zero. In the first place, the device called" Mobile Core ", which makes up the base station, is about 1,500 kg, which weighs about 1,500 kg. To load it into a helicopter.It was necessary to minimize at least 100 kg "(Endo)
Only the functions required for radio launches from the aircraft are identified, and developed software development to realize the miniaturization of the server.However, a completely different problem was waiting.
"In the first place, the idea of launching radio waves by installing a mobile phone base station in the helicopter in the first place is not in the world, and it is necessary to deliver it to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism when conducting such experiments, but I even know if there is a jurisdiction department.I didn't have it. Also, KDDI did not own a helicopter, so the airline's cooperation was absolutely absolute, but there was no company with know -how. "(Endo).
Therefore, I once abandoned the helicopter and switched from a drone to an experiment to launch radio waves.This is 2017.
"The weight of the helicopter was lighter up to 100 kg, but the weight of the drone was lifted by about 5kg. This was hard.Changed to a type PC. Therefore, only one app can be used at a time. For example, launching an app to talk, and when using SMS, it is a mechanism to drop the call application once and launch the SMS application again.The functions are limited, but I put them in 3kg, including the base station facilities and the battery of each PC, the antenna, and the camera to transmit me. "(Endo).
The radio waves are composed of a vertical and horizontal components.There is no problem if it is a base station fixed on land, but it is difficult to deliver it to the target area from a small swaying aircraft.Therefore, an antenna dedicated to aircraft -type base stations, which fires radio waves in a vise, has been developed.In December 2017, we conducted a demonstration experiment by aircraft -type base stations using drones in Yakushima.
2017年12月に屋久島でドローン基地局の実証実験が行われたThis was able to take the first step in the "base station that emits mobile phone radio waves from aircraft".
"In this experiment, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism shared the ideas of the aircraft -type base station, and we were able to cooperate with Central Japan Airlines. Central Japan Airlines equipped with base station facilities in helicopters to radiate radio waves.Whether or not it could be fired, he repeated the test many times while stepping on the stage, and established the know -how. "(Endo)
After a demonstration experiment in Uonuma in 2019, it leads to Koshikijima this time.The aircraft -type base station is now approaching the realization.
However, Kawase says, "It's hard to go."In this Koshiki Island demonstration experiment, it was found that aircraft -type base stations could be used technically.Kawase's job is to make it possible to use it at any time.
"When you actually use it, you have to use specifications and operations that can be easily handled by everyone as much as possible. In -vehicle -type base stations have also changed the specifications four times since they started to operate. It is necessary according to the site.Incorporate elements and omit unnecessary elements. It's a very trivial story, but the switches are better, and the fact that you want to start up with one action is important. In the future.By repeating improvements, we will make it more practical. "(Kawase)
In the "land", the operation of 5G -type base stations has also begun, and ship -type base stations are actually operated from the "sea".The sky is also working with police, fire department, coast security, and the Self -Defense Force for practical use.
"As a telecommunications carrier, I would like to consider the technology and system so that mobile phones will not be interrupted. It is a pride as an employee of a telecommunications company to be able to contribute to society. We are working hard to achieve this."Kawase speaks powerfully.
KDDI is always preparing to prevent communication from breaking down due to natural disastersContinuing to connect communication, one of the important lifelines, will protect people's lives.For this reason, we will assume all situations and aim to restore communication in the stricken areas from land, sea and air.